1) JAVASCRIPT

JavaScript allows for more complex and creative features on a website and mostly caters to front-end web development. This is in tune with the client’s side, in terms of what they see from their computer or mobile device. Examples include interactive displays, graphic designs, and varying modes of multimedia. It is multi-paradigm and event-based, meaning codes are executed when a user hovers over or clicks on an icon. 

Major companies that use JavaScript include Netflix, Groupon, Uber, and eBay. This example reinforces how JavaScript is an ideal programming language for people who are directly and regularly interacting with a particular website. As a result, the user experience is fast, with code running from each browser directly without any interruptions.

2) HTML / CSS

Hypertext mark-up language (HTML) / Cascading style sheets (CSS) can go hand-in-hand, but also be independent of one another. HTML is the basic backbone and the mark-up language of a webpage, which has the actual content written out. Examples include texts, links, and other information. 

CSS is what makes a website stick out by adding color, layouts, and designs. It makes HTML language have a style and flair of its own. The two can be used when making a presentation, and are great for blogs, personal websites, and social media sites. Hence, website developers can present varying styles to different users, all while enhancing search engine optimization with greater accessibility.

3) PYTHON

Python is another language that is easy to understand and is very user-friendly. It is object-oriented and supports several programming paradigms. It is mostly used for back-end web development, which encompasses the hidden aspects of a website, such as the scripts and data applications. It was designed to allow additional interfaces for current applications. Examples of famous companies that use 

Python includes Instagram, Spotify, and Firefox. Moreover, it is perfect to use in the academic field, such as when studying image processing and data science. Due to its enhanced process control functions, it is quick in terms of speed and productivity.

4) PHP

Personal home pages, or hypertext pre-processor (PHP) is a general-purpose, extendible, scripting language used for web development. The coding is executed on the server and sent to the client without them knowing of any running scripts. It runs on many platforms, such as Mac OS X and Windows, which is highly compatible with almost every server and is implemented for static and dynamic websites. It is open-source and free to use and can modify and encrypt data, control user-access, send and receive cookies, and alter server files. Companies that use PHP include WordPress, Facebook, and Wikipedia. Another advantage is it has a high-performance level, with low maintenance costs.

5) JAVA

Java is often a good first language to grasp, and it has been around for quite some time. Nonetheless, it remains one of the most influential and important languages to learn when it comes to web development, as it runs on over three billion devices on a global scale. It is both class-based and object-oriented, and can run on any platform (e.g., iOS, Android, Mac, Windows, etc.). Hence, it is a general-purpose programming language that is multi-paradigm. 

Some well-known giant tech companies that use Java include Google, Twitter, and Amazon, as well as an extensive number of other applications. Java is multi-threaded and can perform multiple tasks at once. Overall, it is a straightforward programming language with hardly any complicated features, and simple to debug.

6) C++

C++ is a high-performance language that is object-oriented. As a result, they are often used with applications that can direct critical issues and have a secure software infrastructure. C++ is also the programming language chosen for video games and commercial products such as Adobe Photoshop. It is also used for web browsers such as Mozilla Firefox and Google Chrome and can render open-source projects and develop databases. Furthermore, C++ excels at creating operating systems such as Internet Explorer and Microsoft Office. By and large, it has multiple sets of uses and is compatible with many platforms.

7) C

C is general-purpose and one of the oldest yet commonly used languages in web development. It is the basis of other programming languages, such as C++ and JavaScript. It is a middle-level programming language that is versatile since it can be used for scripting for drivers and kernels and software applications. It can simplify complex programs into functions and move data across. It has many built-in features and is often used for video games, 3D graphics, and enterprise applications. Companies that use C programming include Adobe, Microsoft, and Google.